I just finished reading the novel on which this movie is based. I thought you might be interested in some of my thoughts on it.
The book and movie are different, but both interesting. I don't even really want to say that one is better than the other, although if I had to choose I'd probably go with the movie. But they complement each other in really interesting ways, and the novel was a really compelling read, even though I knew all the major plot points from having seen the movie.
SPOILERS AHEAD - for both the movie and the book. I will discuss things that are different in the book, so you might consider them spoilers even if you have seen the movie.
One major difference in the book is that the character of Hakan (the man who lives with Eli) is much more developed. We find out about his history, how he met Eli, and his motivations for staying with her.
In the movie, he dies when he falls out of the window of the hospital, and that's the end of his story. But in the novel, the story takes on a radically different turn at that point. The novel explains that the vampire infection can live on even if the human body dies. Whenever vampires feed on someone, they have to kill them quickly before the infection takes hold. Because once they are infected, you basically can't kill them. With Hakan, the infection had already taken hold by the time he fell to his death twelve storeys below. He then turns into a kind of vampire/zombie - everything that is horrific and monster-like about the vampire, but without a human conscience to guide it.
In the movie, it's maybe hinted at that this character has a thing for young boys, but never explicitly so. In the book, there is absolutely no doubt that the character is a pedophile. While I was weary of this at first (it's easy to make a villain an evil pedophile so people feel no pity for him), it was actually handled in a much more sophisticated way than I expected.
There are almost no completely evil characters in the book, with the possible exception of the sadists who castrated Elias and made him into a vampire (this is something we find out in brief flashbacks). All the other "villains" are portrayed in such a way that they are only villains from one perspective. This is the case with pedophile character - he's a murderer, but he doesn't really want to be. He's doing it because he's desperate and because he's in love with Eli. He is completely devoted to her and will go to any lengths to ensure her safety and well-being. That's actually an admirable trait. Only from the perspective of the victims and the other town folks does he appear as a villain or a monster (pre-infection, that is).
The same can be said of Eli: She's obviously a very sympathetic character, but from the perspective of some of the other characters, she's a monster who killed one of their friends and infected another.
Or the bullies: Jonny is a sadistic bully who relentlessly tortures Oskar. His behaviour is inexcusable. And yet, he's also portrayed as a victim of his upbringing. In the book, there are very moving scenes about his relationship to his brother and their absent father. All they have from him is a photo album, which gets destroyed in a fire that Oskar starts at the school. These extra details humanize the bullies and even explains why they decide to go after Oskar at the end. Oskar has destroyed something that was extremely valuable to them, so you can understand their rage and desire for revenge (even if ultimately you're probably still siding with Oskar).
I think the author's intention was to create a portrait of a town, in which characters clash with each other but there is no concept of evil. It's a very relativistic moral. Ultimately, everyone is just trying to deal with their pain and suffering in the best way they can, even if doing so causes them to inflict more pain on other people. And I think the fact that the author chose to make one of these characters a pedophile - generally the most universally hated and demonized criminal type our society can come up with - is very telling as to his intentions. He shows that even the pedophile, which society thinks of as the ultimate monster, is essentially a good person.
Only when the pedophile dies does he finally turn into the monster that society imagines he is. Basically, the way I interpret his transformation is that, as a pedophile, he had this intense physical desire for Eli. But as a human being, this desire was filtered through his emotions (mainly love) and his reasoning (he's willingly controlling his desire because Eli doesn't reciprocate his feelings and he respects that, etc.). Once the human being in him dies, only that desire is left. And coupled with the vampire infection's insatiable predatory instinct, he becomes the worst possible monster imaginable - a crazy, unstoppable, child-molesting vampire/zombie predator with an eternally erect thingy!! If that's not a materialization/projection of society's worse nightmares and fears about pedophilia, I don't know what is!
(I'll continue in the next post, as my full review is longer than the character limit for individual posts on this forum.)
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